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L4M2試験内容、L4M2資格認定試験

It-PassportsのL4M2には何か品質問題があることを見つければ、あるいは試験に合格しなかったのなら、弊社が無条件で全額返金することを約束します。It-Passportsは専門的にCIPSのL4M2試験の最新問題と解答を提供するサイトで、L4M2についての知識をほとんどカバーしています。

CIPS L4M2（ビジネスニーズの定義）試験は、調達とサプライチェーンマネジメントの知識とスキルを開発したい個人にとって欠かせない認定資格です。このコースでは、ビジネスニーズの特定と定義、ビジネスケースの開発、データの分析、効果的な調達戦略の作成に必要な実践スキルを学ぶことができます。この認定資格は、グローバルな雇用主から高い評価を受け、個人が自分の組織の成功に貢献できる能力を示すものです。

このコースは、調達とサプライチェーン管理プロセスの特定の側面をカバーする5つのモジュールで構成されています。これらのモジュールは段階的に設計され、学習者に調達とサプライチェーン管理プロセスの包括的な理解を提供するようになっています。コース修了後、個人は、組織に最大の価値を提供するため、調達プロセスを最初から最後まで効果的に管理するために必要なスキルを備えています。

>> L4M2試験内容 <<

L4M2試験の準備方法 | 実用的なL4M2試験内容試験 | 検証するDefining Business Needs資格認定試験

効果的な勤勉さが結果に正比例することは誰もが知っているので、長年の勤勉な作業によって、私たちの専門家は頻繁にテストされた知識をあなたの参考のためにDefining Business Needs実践資料に集めました。ですから、Defining Business Needsトレーニング資料は彼らの努力の成果です。 Defining Business Needsの実践教材に頼ることで、以前に想像していた以上の成果を絶対に得ることができます。 Defining Business Needsの実際のL4M2テストを選択した顧客から収集された明確なデータがあり、合格率は98〜100％です。したがって、成功を収めるチャンスは、当社の資料によって大幅に向上します。

CIPS Defining Business Needs 認定 L4M2 試験問題 (Q210-Q215):

質問 # 210
In Kano model, which of the following types of requirement should be excluded from the product or service?

A. Reverse requirements
B. Must-be requirements
C. Performance requirements
D. Attractive requirements

正解：A

解説：
Kano model of excitement and basic quality (Kano et al, 1984; Berger et al, 1993; Matzler et al, 1996) brings a different perspective for the analysis of improvement opportunities in products and services because it takes in consideration the asymmetrical and non-linear relationship between performance and satisfaction. The Kano model classifies customers requirements in three categories (figure 3):
a) Basic Requirements (or Must-be requirement). The basic requirements fulfill the basic func-tions of a product. If they are not present or their performance is insufficient, customers will be extremely dissatisfied. On the other hand, if they are present or have sufficient performance, they don't bring satisfaction. Customers see them as prerequisites. For instance, for luxury automobiles, "air bags" are considered basic. A customer won't feel satisfied if the automobile has "air bag", however he/she will not buy it if "air bag" is not present.
b) Performance Requirements (or One-dimensional requirements). As for these requirements, satisfaction is proportional to the performance level - the higher the performance, the higher the customer's satisfaction will be and vice-versa. Gas consumption in automobiles is an example of these requirements. Usually customers explicitly demand performance requirements.
c) Excitement Requirements (or Attractive requirements). These requirements are key to cus-tomer satisfaction. If they are present or have sufficient performance, they will bring superior satisfaction. On the other hand, if they are not present or their performance is insufficient, customers will not get dissatisfied. For instance, a surprise gift at the end of a dinner in a restaurant will certainly bring satisfaction, but it will not cause dissatisfaction if not offered. These requirements are not demanded nor expected by customers.
Two other types of requirements may be identified in the Kano model: neutral and reverse ones. Neutral requirements do not bring either satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Reverse require-ments bring more satisfaction if absent than if present.

Reference:
- Integrating Kano model and QFD for Designing New Products
- CIPS study guide page 171-172

質問 # 211
Which of the following is an assumption of Kano model?

A. All customer requirements are basic requirements
B. Different types of customer requirements have different impact on customer satisfaction
C. The relationship between product functionality and customer satisfaction is always linear
D. All types of customer requirements have the same impact on customer satisfaction

正解：B

解説：
Kano model of excitement and basic quality (Kano et al, 1984; Berger et al, 1993; Matzler et al, 1996) brings a different perspective for the analysis of improvement opportunities in products and services because it takes in consideration the asymmetrical and non-linear relationship between performance and satisfaction. The Kano model classifies customers requirements in three categories (figure 3):
a) Basic Requirements. The basic requirements fulfill the basic functions of a product. If they are not present or their performance is insufficient, customers will be extremely dissatisfied. On the other hand, if they are present or have sufficient performance, they don't bring satisfaction. Customers see them as prerequisites. For instance, for luxury automobiles, "air bags" are considered basic. A customer won't feel satisfied if the automobile has "air bag", however he/she will not buy it if "air bag" is not present.
b) Performance Requirements. As for these requirements, satisfaction is proportional to the performance level - the higher the performance, the higher the customer's satisfaction will be and vice-versa. Gas consumption in automobiles is an example of these requirements. Usually customers explicitly demand performance requirements.
c) Excitement Requirements. These requirements are key to customer satisfaction. If they are pre-sent or have sufficient performance, they will bring superior satisfaction. On the other hand, if they are not present or their performance is insufficient, customers will not get dissatisfied. For instance, a surprise gift at the end of a dinner in a restaurant will certainly bring satisfaction, but it will not cause dissatisfaction if not offered. These requirements are not demanded nor expected by customers.
Two other types of requirements may be identified in the Kano model: neutral and reverse ones. Neutral requirements do not bring either satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Reverse requirements bring more satisfaction if absent than if present.

Reference:
- Integrating Kano model and QFD for Designing New Products
- CIPS study guide page 171-172

質問 # 212
Sabic is a petrochemical manufacturer. It wants to digitalise its operation and is looking for new IT system. The procurement manager approaches this matter with a through-life specification. He supposes that stating "good quality" in the specification will be enough for quality standard section. Is the procurement manager's thought appropriate?

A. Yes, because the specification should be concise.
B. Yes, because IT sector has its own standard of quality, therefore, suppliers may deliver good quality without any further Explanation:
C. No, because "good quality" is very ambiguous for suppliers to identify Sabic's re-quirement
D. No, because "good quality" is an in-house jargon that suppliers are not familiar with

正解：C

解説：
Specifications for through-life contracts must be clear. They should use precise technical language and avoid any ambiguity as much as possible. In most cases, 'good quality' is ambiguous. The con-tractor doesn't know exactly which product the buying organisation needs and how to supply that product.
Other notices for description of requirement are:
- Short and simply description
- Clear definitions at the beginning of the documents
- Clarify abbreviations (if any), but abbreviations should be avoided as much as possible
- Avoid any 'slang'
- Use imperative forms of language whenever possible.
LO 3, AC 3.2

質問 # 213
A drawing is an example of...?

A. Statements of work
B. Technical specifications
C. Output specifications
D. Outcome specifications

正解：B

解説：
A technical specification details the standards that a product or service must meet. Drawings (often called engineering drawings or technical drawings) are complementary to technical specifications Reference:
LO 3, AC 3.1

質問 # 214
Bob is a new procurement specialist at XYZ Ltd. He is assigned to categorise the company's sup-plies. After analysing, Bob realises that a group of low value products is sourced from a tiny geo-graphical area which is prone to flooding. What would be the best strategy to manage this category of products?

A. Assign some of procurement jobs to user department
B. Source this group of products from only one supplier
C. Find an alternative source to secure supply
D. Form partnership relationship with the current supplier

正解：C

解説：
In the scenario, the products have low value and high risk of supply. This group is known as bottleneck or critical in Kraljic's portfolio matrix. The objective for such items would be securing the supply. The company can achieve this goal by 'making' the products themselves, or finding an alternative option.
Diagram Description automatically generated

質問 # 215
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It-Passportsは最高のハイパスレートL4M2トレーニング資料を提供しており、数千人の受験者が試験をクリアして夢のような認定を得るのに役立ちます。認定が傑出しているか重要であるほど、競争は激しくなります。 L4M2の実践教材は、あなたが簡単に目立つようにするあなたの勝利の魔法です。 L4M2学習ガイドには、効率的な準備に役立つ実際のテストに関する最も重要な知識が含まれています。 100％の合格率を追求する場合、L4M2試験の質問と回答は、わずか20〜30時間の学習で確実にクリアするのに役立ちます。

L4M2資格認定試験: https://www.it-passports.com/L4M2.html